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Marco Biography

Marco Simoncelli

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This article is about a person who has recently died. Some information, such as that pertaining to the circumstances of the person's death and surrounding events, may change as more facts become known.

Marco Simoncelli
Simoncelli during post-season testing in Valencia in 2009.
Nationality	Italian
Born	20 January 1987(1987-01-20) Cattolica, Italy
Died	23 October 2011(2011-10-23) (aged 24) Sepang, Malaysia
Bike number	58
Website	marcosimoncelli.it
[hide]Motorcycle racing career statistics MotoGP World Championship Active years 2010–2011 Manufacturers Honda Championships 0 2010 Championship position 8th (125 pts) Starts Wins Podiums Poles F. laps Points 34 0 2 2 0 264 250 World Championship Active years 2006–2009 Manufacturers Gilera Championships 1 (2008) Starts Wins Podiums Poles F. laps Points 64 12 22 10 8 701 125 World Championship Active years 2002–2005 Manufacturers Aprilia Championships 0 Starts Wins Podiums Poles F. laps Points 50 2 7 3 1 290 Superbike World Championship Active years 2009 Manufacturers Aprilia Championships 0 Starts Wins Podiums Poles F. laps Points 2 0 1 0 0 16

Marco Simoncelli (20 January 1987 – 23 October 2011) was an Italian Grand Prix motorcycle road racer.
A top rider of the Italian Minimoto Championship from 1996 to 2000, Marco Simoncelli moved to 125cc bikes after taking two consecutive titles in the aforementioned discipline. After a promising first season in the 125 Honda Trophy, Simoncelli took the European 125cc title in 2002 and had a first taste of Grand Prix racing the same year.
In 2003 he undertook his first full season in the World Championship with the Matteoni Racing team. A consistent point-scorer in his rookie season, he moved to the Rauch Bravo team in 2004 and scored his first Grand Prix win at a rain-soaked Jerez, but could only manage an eleventh placed finish overall.
Another 125cc campaign in 2005, with the Nocable.it Race team, was completed with an improvement in the final standings in fifth place, giving Simoncelli the opportunity to leap into the quarter-litre category. A steady season saw the Italian achieve 10th position in the championship representing Metis Gilera, with whom he continued in 2007 and 2008.
In 2008 Simoncelli achieved his first race victories in the 250cc class, his maiden triumph coming at his home race in Mugello, and was involved in some breathtaking battles with his rivals over the course of the year. Emerging as the standout rider in the class, Gilera provided their newest star with a top-of-the-range RSA machine for the final races of the season.
The Italian secured his fifth win of the year at Phillip Island early in October and clinched the title with third place at Malaysia at the penultimate round of the year. He previously rode a Gilera in the 250cc World Championship, and has previously in the 125cc class. He has five race wins in the 250cc class, and two in the 125cc class.
He made a one-off appearance for Aprilia in the World Superbike round at Imola. He qualified on the second row and was one of three riders to crash out of race one at Tosa while running fifth, before fighting through to third in race two, making a forceful move to overtake team-mate Max Biaggi to get onto the podium.
On 25 June 2009, it was confirmed that Simoncelli would move up to premier class racing for 2010 MotoGP championship after agreeing to ride with the San Carlo Gresini Honda team.^[1]
Simoncelli died after an accident during the 2011 Malaysian motorcycle Grand Prix on 23 October 2011.

Contents  [hide]  1 Early career 2 Move to 250cc 3 MotoGP 3.1 2010 3.2 2011 4 Death 5 Career statistics 5.1 By season 5.2 Races by year 5.3 Superbike World Championship 6 References 7 External links

Early career

He won European 125cc title in 2002, also making six appearances in the 125cc World Championship. In the 2003 season, he moved to the World Championship full-time. His best result was a fourth place in the season finale at the Valencia Grand Prix.
In the 2004 season, he took his first victory in wet weather in the Spanish Grand Prix at Jerez. This was only highlight of his season, and he ended in eleventh place in the final standings. In the 2005 season he won at Jerez again, this time in dry conditions. This result and five other podium finishes helped him to come fifth overall.

Move to 250cc

In 2006 he was the only front-runner to move to the 250cc class, riding for Gilera, which marked their return to the class. His first season was good although not brilliant. In most races he finished between 7th and 10th place. His best result was 6th place in the Chinese Grand Prix at Shanghai. He fought for the "Rookie of the Year" title until the end, finally losing to Shuhei Aoyama by seven points. In final standings he was 10th.
In 2007 he continued with the same team. His season was similar to previous one and he was again 10th in the final standings, without a podium finish.
He had his first 250cc win at the Italian GP held at Mugello on 1 June 2008 in controversial circumstances when, with one lap to go, he leaned to the left on the long straight, possibly to block off Hector Barbera. Barbera then crashed into him and Simoncelli won the race by 3 seconds. Barbera was lucky to emerge unscathed. Some people called for sanctions but Simoncelli escaped without penalty: on 7 June he received a verbal warning from the MotoGP Riders Safety Commission.
On 8 June 2008 he followed up his Italian victory at the Grand Prix de Catalunya after overtaking Alvaro Bautista on the last lap after the Spanish pilot ran wide with 5 corners of the race left. Simoncelli obtained his third 250cc GP victory at the Sachsenring in the Gran Prix Deutchland on 13 July 2008 when he beat Alvaro Bautista and Hector Barbera by approximately 2.5 seconds. He also won in his class at the 2008 Australian motorcycle Grand Prix held on 3–5 October 2008. He narrowly defeated Alvaro Bautista.
On 19 October 2008 he clinched the 2008 250cc World Championship after finishing 3rd in the Malaysian Grand Prix at Sepang.

MotoGP

2010

Simoncelli got off to a slow start to the 2010 season, having suffered two preseason testing crashes at Sepang; the second of which cracked his helmet.^[2] After finishing eleventh on début, Simoncelli improved over the rest of the season, finishing 16 of the 18 races in the points en route to eighth place in the championship with 125 points. His best finish was a fourth place in Portugal, missing a podium by 0.06 seconds to Andrea Dovizioso.^[3]

2011

In the 2011 season, Simoncelli was predicted to be the surprise package of the season.^[4] He finished fifth in the season opening race in Qatar, before falling from the lead of the wet race at Jerez.^[5] He secured his highest starting position to that point of 2nd, before falling on the first lap of the Estoril race.^[6] During the French Grand Prix at Le Mans, Simoncelli collided with Dani Pedrosa while they were battling for second. The resulting crash saw Pedrosa break his collarbone and Simoncelli received a ride-through penalty, eventually finishing fifth.^[7] Simoncelli initially rejected blame for the crash, claiming he braked no later than normal, and that he left Pedrosa room.^[8] Before the next race, however, he accepted that he needed to reflect on his riding style.^[9]
Simoncelli was required to meet with race direction before the start of the racing weekend at Catalonia.^[9][10] On the track, Simoncelli secured his first MotoGP pole position, 0.016 seconds ahead of Casey Stoner.^[11] However, a poor start saw him drop to seventh managing only to recover one position to finish sixth. Simoncelli earned his first podium in the premier class, with a third place in the Czech Republic.^[12]

Simoncelli at the 2011 Australian MotoGP at Phillip Island

Death

On 23 October 2011, Simoncelli was involved in an accident with Colin Edwards and Valentino Rossi during the 2011 Malaysian GP at the Sepang International Circuit. In fourth position during lap two, Simoncelli's bike veered across the track and straight into the path of Edwards and Rossi. Edwards was injured with a dislocated shoulder, while Simoncelli lay still on the track after the crash, his helmet having come off during the incident. The race was immediately red-flagged. He was taken by ambulance to the circuit's medical centre, but at 16:56 local time it was announced that he had died from his injuries.^[13][14][15] Later, at a press conference involving members of the MotoGP Race Direction, Medical Director Michele Macchiagodena said that Simoncelli sustained "a very serious trauma to the head, to the neck and the chest", and was administered cardiopulmonary resuscitation for 45 minutes.^[16]

READ MORE - Marco Biography

This pic n video tribute for Marco Simoncelli "Supersic"

This is my expression of grief for marco simoncelli.untuk remembered as a talented young drivers. his soul may be received at beside gods. bye marco. R.I.P
 u can give tribute to him 

the last podium n final seconds

 
n this is video when crashed

READ MORE - This pic n video tribute for Marco Simoncelli "Supersic"

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http://www.pulaukomodo.com/

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it helps the photographer capture an old man who sang on the streets to entertain us all with friction violin.

This is only a photograph to show concern for our team photographer, even if just anordinary photo but have an important meaning

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Kamera SLR (Single Lens Reflex)

Kamera refleks lensa tunggal‎ (bahasa Inggris: Single-lens reflex (SLR) camera) adalah kamera yang menggunakan sistem jajaran lensa jalur tunggal untuk melewatkan berkas cahaya menuju ke dua tempat, yaitu Focal Plane dan Viewfinder, sehingga memungkinkan fotografer untuk dapat melihat objek melalui kamera yang sama persis seperti hasil fotonya. Hal ini berbeda dengan kamera non-SLR, dimana pandangan yang terlihat di viewfinder bisa jadi berbeda dengan apa yang ditangkap di film, karena kamera jenis ini menggunakan jajaran lensa ganda, 1 untuk melewatkan berkas cahaya ke Viewfinder, dan jajaran lensa yang lain untuk melewatkan berkas cahaya ke Focal Plane.

Kamera SLR menggunakan pentaprisma yang ditempatkan di atas jalur optikal melalui lensa ke lempengan film. Cahaya yang masuk kemudian dipantulkan ke atas oleh kaca cermin pantul dan mengenai pentaprisma. Pentaprisma kemudian memantulkan cahaya beberapa kali hingga mengenai jendela bidik. Saat tombol dilepaskan, kaca membuka jalan bagi cahaya sehingga cahaya dapat langsung mengenai film. (NESW4586)

Komponen Kamera SLR

Pembidik

Salah satu bagian yang penting pada kamera adalah pembidik (viewfinder). Ada dua sistem bidikan, yaitu:

• jendela bidik yang terpisah dari lensa (Viewfinder type)
• bidikan lewat lensa (Reflex type).

Kamera SLR, sesuai dengan namanya (Single Lens Reflex), menggunakan sistem bidikan jenis kedua. Mata fotografer melihat subjek melalui lensa, sehingga tidak terjadi parallax, yaitu keadaan dimana fotografer tidak melihat secara akurat indikasi keberadaan subjek melalui lensa sehingga ada bagian yang hilang ketika foto dicetak. Keadaan parallax ini pada dasarnya terjadi pada pemotretan sangat close up dengan menggunakan kamera viewfinder.

Jendela Bidik

Jendela bidik merupakan sebuah kaca yang di dalamnya tercantum banyak informasi dalam pemotretan. Jendela bidik memuat penemu jarak (range-finder), pilihan diafragma, shutter speed, dan pencahayaan (exposure).

Lensa

Dalam fotografi, lensa berfungsi untuk memokuskan cahaya hingga mampu membakar medium penangkap (film). Di bagian luar lensa biasanya terdapat tiga cincin, yaitu cincin panjang fokus (untuk lensa jenis variabel), cincin diafragma, dan cincin fokus.

Macam-macam lensa

• Lensa Standar. Lensa ini disebut juga lensa normal. Berukuran 50 mm dan memberikan karakter bidikan natural.
• Lensa Sudut-Lebar (Wide Angle Lens). Lensa jenis ini dapat digunakan untuk menangkap subjek yang luas dalam ruang sempit. Karakter lensa ini adalah membuat subjek lebih kecil daripada ukuran sebenarnya. Dengan menggunakan lensa jenis ini, di dalam ruangan kita dapat memotret lebih banyak orang yang berjejer jika dibandingkan dengan lensa standar. Semakin pendek jarak fokusnya, maka semakin lebar pandangannya. Ukuran lensa ini beragan mulai dari 17 mm, 24 mm, 28 mm, dan 35 mm.
• Lensa Fish Eye. Lensa fish eye adalah lensa wide angle dengan diameter 14 mm, 15 mm, dan 16 mm. Lensa ini memberikan pandangan 180 derajat. Gambar yang dihasilkan melengkung.
• Lensa Tele. Lensa tele merupakan kebalikan lensa wide angle. Fungsi lensa ini adalah untuk mendekatkan subjek, namun mempersempit sudut pandang. Yang termasuk lensa tele adalah lensa berukuran 70 mm ke atas. Karena sudut pandangannya sempit, lensa tele akan mengaburkan lapangan sekitarnya. Namun hal ini tidak menjadi masalah karena lensa tele memang digunakan untuk mendekatkan pandangan dan memfokuskan pada subjek tertentu.
• Lensa Zoom. Merupakan gabungan antara lensa standar, lensa wide angle, dan lesa tele. Ukuran lensa tidak fixed, misalnya 80-200 mm. Lensa ini cukup fleksibel dan memiliki range lensa yang cukup lebar. Oleh karena itu lensa zoom banyak digunakan, sebab pemakai tinggal memutar ukuran lensa sesuai dengan yang dibutuhkan.
• Lensa Makro. Lensa makro biasa digunakan untuk memotret benda yang kecil.

Fokus

Fokus adalah bagian yang mengatur jarak ketajaman lensa, sehingga gambar yang dihasilkan tidak berbayang.

Kecepatan rana

Kecepatan rana (shutter speed) artinya penutup (to shut = menutup). Pada waktu kita menekan tombol untuk memotret, terjadi pembukaan lensa sehingga cahaya masuk dan mengenai film. Pekerjaan shutter adalah membuka dan kemudian menutup lagi.

Kecepatan rana adalah kecepatan shutter membuka dan menutup kembali. Shutter speed dapat kita atur. Jika kita memilih 1/100, maka ia akan membuka selama 1/100 detik.

Skala shutter speed bervariasi. Ada yang B, 1, ½, ¼, 1/8, 1/15, 1/30, 1/60, 1/125, 1/250, 1/500, 1/1000, dst. Mulai dari ½ sampai 1/1000 biasanya hanya disebut angka-angka dibawah saja. Artinya 100 = 1/100 dan 2 artinya ½ detik. Namun jika angka 2 itu berwarna, maka artinya adalah 2 detik.

Sedangkan B artinya bulb, yaitu jika tombol ditekan maka shutter membuka, dan ketika tombol dilepaskan maka shutter menutup.

Yang perlu diingat adalah, semakin lama kecepatan shutter, jumlah cahaya yang masuk akan semakin banyak. Semakin besar angkanya, maka kecepatan shutter akan semakin tinggi(shutter akan semakin cepat membuka dan menutup).

• Speed cepat

Speed cepat kita gunakan untuk memotret benda yang bergerak. Semakin cepat pergerakan benda tersebut, maka semakin besar angka speed shutter yang kita butuhkan.

• Speed lambat

Jika benda yang bergerak cepat dipotret dengan speed shutter rendah, maka hasilnya ialah gambar akan tampak kabur, seakan-akan disapu, namun latar belakangnya jelas. Efek ini kadang-kadang bagus dan menimbulkan sense of motion dari benda yang dipotret.

Cara lain adalah dengan menggerakkan kamera ke arah gerak objek (panning) bertepatan dengan melepas tombol. Hasil gambarnya ialah latar belakang kabur, tetapi gambar subjek jelas. Seberapa jelas atau kaburnya subjek tergantung pada cepat atau lambatnya gerakan panning. Jika gerakannya bersama-sama dengan gerakan subjek, maka gambar yang dihasilkan jelas. Sebaliknya jika kamera lebih cepat atau lebih lambat dari gerakan subjek, maka hasilnya akan blur (kabur).

Diafragma

Diafragma atau aperture (atau sering disebut bukaan) berfungsi untuk mengatur jumlah volume cahaya yang masuk. Alat ini biasanya terdapat di belakang lensa. Terdiri dari 5-8 lempengan logam yang tersusun dan dapat membuka lebih lebar atau lebih sempit.

• 

  diafragma pada lensa
 
• 

  bukaan diafragma

Penulisan angka diafragma biasanya adalah f/2, f/2.8, f/4, f/5.6, f/8, f/11, dan f/16, dst. Semakin kecil angka diafragma, maka bukaan yang dihasilkan akan semakin lebar sehingga cahaya yang masuk semakin banyak.

• Bukaan besar

Bukaan diafragma yang besar digunakan untuk menghasilkan foto dengan subjek yang tajam dengan latar belakang blur.

• Bukaan kecil

Bukaan kecil akan menghasilkan gambar yang tajam mulai dari foreground hingga background. Bukaan kecil biasanya digunakan dalam pemotertan landscape yang memang membutuhkan detail dan ketajaman di selurh bagian foto.

Depth of Field

Depth of field adalah jumlah jarak antara subjek yang paling dekat dan yang paling jauh yang dapat muncul di fokus tajam sebuah foto. Misalnya, jika kita memotret pohon-pohon yang berdiri bersaf-saf, maka yang akan tampak pada foto yang telah dicetak adalah beberapa pohon di depan tampak jelas kemudian makin ke belakang makin kabur.

Depth of field sangat tergantung pada:

• Diafragma. Semakin kecil bukaan diafragma, semakin besar depth of field yang dihasilkan. Bukaan penuh akan menghasilkan depth of field yang sangat dangkal.
• Jarak fokus lensa (focal length). Semakin panjang focal length, semakin sempit depth of field. Maka dari itu, lensa wide angle memiliki depth of field yang sangat besar.
• Jarak pemotretan. Semakin dekat jaraknya, semakin sempit depth of field yang dihasilkan.

Fungsi depth of field adalah untuk mengaburkan latar belakang jika latar tersebut tidak sesuai dengan subjeknya.

Pencahayaan

Pencahayaan atau exposure adalah kuantitas cahaya yang diperbolehkan masuk; intensitas (diatur oleh bukaan lensa) dan durasi (diatur oleh shutter speed) cahaya yang masuk dan mengenai film.

Film dengan ASA tinggi, memerlukan sedikit cahaya untuk menghasilkan gambar yang jelas. Sebaliknya, film dengan ASA rendah memerlukan banyak cahaya untuk menghasilkan gambar yang jelas.

Exposure diukur oleh alat yang disebut light-meter. Jika light-meter menunjukkan kekurangan cahaya, maka kita bisa memperkecil bukaan diafragma atau memperlambat shutter speed. Sebaliknya, jika light-meter menunjukkan kelebihan cahaya maka kita bisa memperbesar bukaan diafragma atau mempercepat shutter speed.

• Overexposure

Merupakan keadaan dimana jumlah cahaya yang masuk terlalu banyak. Gambar yang dihasilkan akan terlalu terang.

• Underexposure

Merupakan keadaan dimana jumlah cahaya yang masuk terlalu sedikit. Keadaan ini menghasilkan gambar yang gelap.

Perkembangan Kamera SLR

Kamera DSLR (Digital Single Lens Reflex)

Pada prinsipnya, kamera SLR dan DSLR memiliki cara kerja dan komponen yang sama. Yang membedakan adalah penggunaan film. Kamera SLR menggunakan film sebagai medium penangkap, sedangkan kamera DSLR tidak lagi menggunakan film. Sebagi gantinya, kamera DSLR menggunakan CCD atau CMOS.

• 

Resolusi terendah kamera DSLR adalah 5.1 megapiksel.

Referensi

• Soelarko, R.M. Prof.Dr. Penuntun Fotografi Edisi V. Bandung: PT. Karya Nusantara
• Chiawono, Agus. Teknik Fotografi Digital Blitz for Dummies. www.situsfoto.net
• (Basic) Kombinasi Shutterspeed, Diafragma, dan ISO. www.alvinfauzie.com
• Glossary. www.library.thinkquest.org

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foto ini mengabadikan hasil fotograph qta dan qta membuat tema tntang kecerian hidup sosial

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